Which of these should be reportable diseases to protect public health? (2023)

What are the 5 reportable diseases?

A disease that, when diagnosed, requires health providers (usually by law) to report to state or local public health officials. Notifiable diseases are of public interest by reason of their contagiousness, severity, or frequency.

A public health problem, therefore, is a medical issue that affects a significant portion of a specific population. Some examples include chronic illnesses like Type 2 diabetes, infectious diseases such as HIV and tuberculosis, mental health challenges, and even motor vehicle accidents.

Things to be reported to management include: • Vomiting, diarrhea, jaundice, sore throat with fever, or any exposed boil or open, infected wounds or cuts on the hands or arms; • An illness diagnosed by a health practitioner that was caused by: Salmonella Typhi or typhoid-like fever, Shigella spp., Norovirus, hepatitis ...

They list “The Big 6” pathogens (Norovirus, Nontyphoidal Salmonella, Salmonella Typhi, E. coli, Shigella, and Hepatitis A) as being highly infectious, able to cause severe disease in small quantities, and each will be featured individually in this series of articles.

Polio, avian influenza, rabies and neonatal tetanus are all immediately reportable priority diseases.

When certain diseases and illnesses occur, government health authorities must be informed about the occurrence — these are known as 'notifiable' diseases. Many, but not all, notifiable diseases are infectious diseases (sometimes known as 'communicable' diseases).

Cardiovascular diseases — primarily heart disease and stroke — are the leading global cause of death, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Common heart diseases include coronary artery disease, arrhythmia, and cerebrovascular disease.

What are 3 public health ways to prevent disease?

disease, any harmful deviation from the normal structural or functional state of an organism, generally associated with certain signs and symptoms and differing in nature from physical injury. A diseased organism commonly exhibits signs or symptoms indicative of its abnormal state.

The CDC issues a list of notifiable diseases for which it requests reports from each state health department. These include diseases such as Aids, Hepatitis, Malaria, and Measles (among many others). Recently, diseases caused by bioterrorism agents, such as anthrax, were added to the CDC list of notifiable diseases.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common type of HAI. They affect the urinary tract (kidneys, bladders, urethra and ureters).

Syphilis (including congenital syphilis), gonorrhea, chlamydia, chancroid, and HIV are reportable diseases in every state.

These five foodborne pathogens, also known as the “Big 5,” include Norovirus, the Hepatitis A virus, Salmonella Typhi, Shigella spp., and Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7 or other Enterohemorrhagic or Shiga toxin-producing E. coli.

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has identified six serogroups, known as the “big six”: E. coli O26, O45, O103, O111, O121, and O145.

Common symptoms of foodborne illness are diarrhea and/or vomiting, typically lasting 1 to 7 days. Other symptoms might include abdominal cramps, nausea, fever, joint/back aches, and fatigue.

Cardiovascular diseases account for most NCD deaths, or 17.9 million people annually, followed by cancers (9.3 million), chronic respiratory diseases (4.1 million), and diabetes (2.0 million including kidney disease deaths caused by diabetes).

What are the 7 types of diseases?

Tuberculosis. TB is arguably the world's leading cause of death from an infectious agent. The WHO estimates that 10.4 million new cases and 1.5 million deaths occur from TB each year (WHO 2016a). One-third of TB cases remain unknown to the health care system.

The SREs focus on the following areas:

Surgical or Invasive Procedure events. Product or Device events. Patient Protection events. Care Management events.

Reportable diseases include carpal tunnel syndrome, severe cramp of the hand or forearm, occupational dermatitis, hand-arm vibration syndrome, occupational asthma, tendonitis or tenosynovitis of the hand or forearm, any occupational cancer and any disease attributed to an occupational exposure to a biological agent.

Class 1A: Diseases of major public health importance which shall be reported directly to the Department of Health by telephone within 24 hours of first knowledge or suspicion. Class 1A diseases and conditions are dictated by requiring an immediate public health response.

Duties in Mandatory Reporting of Notifiable Diseases

The Epidemiology Board of the DOH is tasked to issue the official list of institutionalized public health information system, disease surveillance and response systems for mandatory reporting of notifiable diseases and health events of public concern.

-This Act shall be known as the "Mandatory Reporting of Notifiable Diseases and Health Events of Public Health Concern Act". Section 2. Declaration of Policy. -It is hereby declared the policy of the State to protect and promote the right to health of the people and instill health consciousness among them.

What are the 3 largest threats to public health in the US today?

About 422 million people worldwide have diabetes, the majority living in low-and middle-income countries, and 1.5 million deaths are directly attributed to diabetes each year. Both the number of cases and the prevalence of diabetes have been steadily increasing over the past few decades.

The many facets of public health include speaking out for laws that promote smoke-free indoor air and seatbelts, spreading the word about ways to stay healthy and giving science-based solutions to problems. Public health saves money, improves our quality of life, helps children thrive and reduces human suffering.

This page and graphic show how the ten essential environmental health services align with the three core functions of public health (assessment, policy development, and assurance).

These preventive stages are primordial prevention, primary prevention, secondary prevention, and tertiary prevention. Combined, these strategies not only aim to prevent the onset of disease through risk reduction, but also downstream complications of a manifested disease.

Primary Prevention—intervening before health effects occur, through. measures such as vaccinations, altering risky behaviors (poor eating. habits, tobacco use), and banning substances known to be associated.

Condition of public health importance means a disease, injury, or other condition that is identifiable on an individual or community level and that can reasonably be expected to lead to adverse health effects in the community.

Common elements of the frameworks include surveillance, governance/financing, health promotion, health protection/legislation, research, and human resources.

There are four main types of disease: infectious diseases, deficiency diseases, hereditary diseases (including both genetic diseases and non-genetic hereditary diseases), and physiological diseases. Diseases can also be classified in other ways, such as communicable versus non-communicable diseases.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are three of the most common bloodborne pathogens from which health care workers are at risk.

Which four of these diseases were among the first notifiable diseases cases of which were required to be reported to the US government in 1878?

In 1878, Congress authorized the U.S. Marine Hospital Service (the forerunner of today's Public Health Service {PHS}) to collect morbidity reports on cholera, smallpox, plague, and yellow fever from U.S. consuls overseas; this information was used to institute quarantine measures to prevent the introduction and spread ...

Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the greatest number of sexually transmitted infections and the majority of infection-related of blindness worldwide. In the United States, it is the most commonly reported bacterial infection.

Reporting Notifiable Conditions

These are referred to as notifiable conditions.

Infection with Salmonella, Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC, including O157 and other serogroups), Listeria, Shigella, Vibrio, and hepatitis A virus, as well as botulism, are reportable almost everywhere in the United States.

Reporting of cases of communicable disease is important in the planning and evaluation of disease prevention and control programs, in the assurance of appropriate medical therapy, and in the detection of common-source outbreaks.

What are the 20 common diseases?

The world's deadliest infections, including Tuberculosis, Malaria and HIV/AIDS, have been considered as the "Big Three" infectious diseases (BTIDs).

Number 1 – Heart Disease. Heart disease is a term that includes many specific heart conditions. According to the CDC, coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to heart attacks, is the most common heart disease in the United States.

1 Most Preventable Cause of Death in the United States. These are facts: The number of U.S. citizens who have died prematurely due to smoking is more than 10 times the number of U.S. citizens who have died in all of U.S. wars combined.

There are four main types of disease: infectious diseases, deficiency diseases, hereditary diseases (including both genetic diseases and non-genetic hereditary diseases), and physiological diseases. Diseases can also be classified in other ways, such as communicable versus non-communicable diseases.

An estimated 600,000 Americans die of cancer each year. This is equal to more than 1600 cancer deaths every day. Cancer is only second to cardiovascular diseases as the most common cause of death among Americans.

Chronic diseases such as heart disease, cancer, and diabetes are the leading causes of death and disability in the United States. They are also leading drivers of the nation's $4.1 trillion in annual health care costs.